PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS OF FUTURE LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS FOR EXTREME SITUATIONS AS A COMPONENT OF PERSONAL SECURITY OF A POLICE OFFICER, EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article examines the state of professional training of future law enforcement officers in institutions of higher education under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, in accordance with modern requirements, outlines the issues of training cadets to perform professional duties in extreme situations, analyzes the European experience of training police officers for extreme situations situations.The article also analyzes the factors that ensure the personal safety of police officers during the performance of their professional duties. Among these factors, one of the most important places is psychological readiness to perform one's professional duties. During the psychological training of future law enforcement officers, it is very important to take into account the individual psychological characteristics of the cadets for the formation of psychological qualities that will make it possible to predict behavior in extreme situations and correct it in order to comply with personal safety measures. Therefore, when conducting psychological training, attention should be paid to the characteristic causes of death and injuries of employees who depended on them personally (loss of vigilance, poor weapon handling, overestimation of one's capabilities, inability to control oneself and other people, lack of preparation for extreme situations, etc.). When preparing for stressful situations, practical classes are important, during which cadets are required to quickly switch from one type of activity to another, make decisions based on the acquired knowledge, and be able to quickly focus attention on the necessary objects. In addition, an extremely important factor in the formation of stress resistance is the active participation of cadets in the work of various sports sections and participation in competitions. Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness of police actions in extreme situations (as well as for the readiness of a police officer to work in everyday conditions), they must have certain tactical-special, tactical-psychological techniques for ensuring safety when interacting with objects of professional activity and detaining offenders. All police officers must be prepared to use measures of physical influence and the use of weapons in stressful situations. It is the methods of intensive training that will make it possible to direct the effective use of the body's reserves and the expansion of information capabilities of future specialists, to the formation of their professional reliability. In this regard, it is important to develop certain programs and methods with the help of which it is possible to form special qualities in future police officers, resistance to various types of stress, and improve the effectiveness of their actions in extreme conditions.